34這個表達看起來是荒唐的，因為在法治國家，或者在憲政國家，憲法是一切權力的源泉，但實際上這個表達卻符合國家治理的真實。法治是治者的選擇，憲法的約束力是承認憲法約束力的機關、人們賦予的。文本憲法是人制定的。所謂“活的憲法”是憲政的參加者們創造的。在“活的憲法”面前，在個體與憲政參加者群體之間關系上，個體服從憲法，憲法對個體有約束力。這個約束力來自憲政參加者群體。但在憲法和憲政參加者之間關系上，那“活的憲法”的所有力量都是后者賦予的。

35《中華人民共和國憲法》第六十七條第七項。

36《中華人民共和國憲法》第六十七條第八項。

37徐祥民：《演進的法治》，《學習與探索》，2001年第4期。

The Governance of Rules and the Rules of Governance

—Some Thoughts on Building a Rule of Law Socialist Country

Xu Xiangmin

Abstract: The nature of the rule of law of a country varies according to the laws it adopts. The essential difference between the capitalist rule of law and the socialist rule of law is that the nature of their laws is different. Socialism is not self-generated, the socialist rule of law has prerequisites. To ensure that the rule of law is advancing along the socialist direction, we must preserve the socialist nature of the laws, and continue to inject socialist spirit into the laws. The modern rule of law is the rule of constitution, whose basic requirements are to refer to the constitution in case of "issues" and legislate according to the "constitution". Legislation is the most important national governance activity, and the most basic characteristic of a rule of law country is to enact laws in accordance with the constitution. In order to ensure that the laws are made in accordance with the constitution, the state should establish a system for interpreting the constitutional basis for legislation as well as the constitutional review system for legislation.

Keywords: governance of rules, national governance strategy, rule of law country, constitutional review

責 編∕楊昀贇